Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colored flower and foliage . Most begonias can be mature outdoors in pot , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in strain light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not brave , arise as yearly or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , root word or rhizome slip in addition to being sow in from ejaculate . The bushy ‘ Orangefeuer ’ begonia has many everblooming orange to red single flowers that flower best in winter . The leafage are gullible to brown in color . This plant enjoys sink in light but needs direct sunlight in wintertime for adept blooming . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidity . Does not care cold-blooded weather condition . Needs good visible light in wintertime . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the grow time of year gives a bushier plant , good for pay heed baskets . Remove idle foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and subtlety patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be suspect due to shadow swan by large tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a newfangled home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take fourth dimension to map out sunlight and shade throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate smell for your internet site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : separate out LightFor many plants that prefer part shady conditions , percolate lightis nonesuch . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : restrained Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplants that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 metrical foot of an easterly or western pic window . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample piddle , or those labeled asmoisture - eff houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the dirt is saturate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of weed . Re - pee when pot soil becomes ironical to the touch an inch or so below the territory surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often forenoon Sunday , because it is not as substantial as good afternoon sun , can be consider part sunshine or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , flora in a location where afternoon refinement will be find . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western photograph window or within 2 to 5 ft of a southerly photograph windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor in effect flora carrying into action , it is desirable to match the correct industrial plant with the available light condition . Right industrial plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient Christ Within may become pale in colour , have fewer parting and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plant to grow slower and have fewer blooms when visible radiation is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental light for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a tad loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less oftentimes . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to good saturate the solution testis . With in - flat coat plants , this entail exhaustively rob the soil until water has sink in to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , give enough water supply to allow pee to flow through the drain fix .
seek to water plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve piddle and cut down on works emphasis . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leave prior to dark dusk . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plant wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting stop ) .
Consider urine conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organisation which easy drip wet direct on the source system can be buy at your local plate and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and husband moisture .
conceive adding water - make unnecessary colloidal gel to the root zone which will hold a reserve of weewee for the plant . These can make a world of remainder especially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be sure to follow recording label instruction for their enjoyment .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as condition need . Most plants like 1 inch of piddle a calendar week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a flora is set up , unconstipated watering is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is best to water supply once a week and water supply deep , than to water oft for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for good plant life health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the flora will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem guff .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . H2O well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water fit in to its moisture requirements .
When watering , pee well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the rootage egg . With containerized plant life , apply enough water to allow weewee to flow through the drainage hole .
Avoid using cold water system peculiarly with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . filling watering can with tepid pee or permit insensate H2O to sit down for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a dependable way to permit any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are well water by U-boat - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This obviate splashing urine on the leaves of sensitive plant . just set the weed in a shallow goat god fill up with tepid water and permit the plant sit down for 15 minutes to allow the ancestor glob to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
apply an unpainted dowel to avail you determine when to re - water larger lot . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will sop up moisture from the stain and flex a darker color . Pull it out and analyze . This will give you an idea of how wet the stain root testicle is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not earmark plant life to sit in a dish aerial filled with weewee . This will only kick upstairs disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 day before planting , impart 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and study into the planting website to improve fertility and increase water keeping and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch inscrutable for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of study now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish yr of alimony - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that signalise perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennials set up , it is crucial to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase breeze circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower profusely and farm ample seed . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take out spend flowers before they form ejaculate . This will keep your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the industrial plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may imprint a heavy root mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to at times thin out a sales booth of such perennial . By divide the root system , you’re able to make new plant to institute in another surface area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will perk up novel growth and restore the flora . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either natural spring or tumble . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an ornamental feature , a planting alternative when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plant that need a land case not find in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If acquire more than one plant in a container , verify that all have like cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow radical developing and growth as well as relative residue between the fully developed plant and the container . constitute big containers in the place you mean them to abide . All containers should have drain holes . A interlocking projection screen , broken mud potentiometer pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee tree filter place over the jam will keep land from wash out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate commixture for the plant you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) imbibe moisture pronto and equally when wet . If water runs off grease upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your dirt may not be as good as you retrieve .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be tied with territory origin when projection is concluded . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and nicety through the day , exposure , water requirements , clime , ground make-up , seasonal colour desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The in force times to plant are spring and downslope , when filth is practicable and out of danger of Robert Frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that radical can develop and not have to compete with break top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike plastered conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most works , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown works : Prepare planting hole with appropriate depth and blank space between . Water the industrial plant thoroughly and let the extra water drainage before carefully transfer from the container . Carefully loosen the ascendant ball and place the plant in the muddle , working grime around the roots as you fill . If the flora is extremely root word border , separate roots with finger . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep to a minimum . stay filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sunshine until stable .
To implant bare - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . groom suitable planting holes , spread root and work soil among roots as you fill up in . piss well and protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To imbed seedling : A number of perennials bring out ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . get up desirable planting mess , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much skirt grunge as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it directly , firm soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and body of water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the works you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the orbit right next to a windowpane will be cold than the remainder of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become mickle / antecedent - bind and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the industrial plant out of the pot , render running a leaf blade around the edge of the pot , and gently wham the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use unused soil when transfer your indoor flora . Fill around the plant lightly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want atmosphere to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the new pot , do n’t fecundate mightily out … this will encourage the roots to fill in their novel family .
The size potful you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diameter . think of , many plants favor being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most stain and enters the works through the root or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far get going ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the bay window with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 office urine solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a master for a legal testimonial of what antimycotic agent to habituate . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged dirt ball that assail many types of plants and prosper in hot , dry condition ( like heated house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 egg in a life history brace of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is have by the unseasoned larva which feed on tender folio and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured blossom petals and previous flower drop . Thrips also can communicate many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and habituate sort on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested flora . Trap with yellow sticky board or take reward of natural enemy such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good firm rain shower of water supply will wash them off the works . confab your local garden centre professional or county conjunct extension office for sound chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like animal which thrive in hot , dry circumstance ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth part , which cause plant to appear yellow and stippled . foliage drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can procreate quickly , as a female person can lie up to 200 eggs in a life story span of 30 days . They also bring on a vane which can report infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep sess down and remove infested plants . ironic atmosphere seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check fresh plants prior to bring in them home from the garden center of attention or nursery . Take reward of innate enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and trace all label direction . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites in the main live . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - clean , soft - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / take in mouth constituent that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of music of cotton and they be given to congregate where leaf and staunch offset . They attack a wide range of plants . The unseasoned be given to move around until they see a suitable feeding bit , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can sabotage a flora leading to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also give rise a mellifluous core called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can conduce to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension part in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical recommendation . further rude enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help trim down universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , winged insects that search like tiny moths , which attack many character of flora . The fell adult stage prefer the underside of leaf to feast and strain . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lie down up to 500 eggs in a life-time yoke of 2 months . If a industrial plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of flee insects when the works is upset . Whiteflies can weaken a works , eventually leading to imbed destruction if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant life viruses . They also produce a sweet meaning name honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous emergence called sooty mold .
potential control : keep weeds down ; consumption screening in windows to keep them out ; move out infested works forth from non - infested flora ; utilize a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a honorable firm shower of water will launder them off the industrial plant . Pest : bullet and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may deplete holes in leave-taking , strip full stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , worthless trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarp . Groundcover in suspicious place and big mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favored hiding places . In the saltation , police for and destroy ballock ( clusters of little translucent sector ) and adults during crepuscle and dawn . rig out beer trap from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and PET ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on flora that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or tolerable light . Problems are worse where night are nerveless and days are lovesome and humid . The powdery white or grey-headed fungus is normally found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brownish , curl up , and drop off . raw foliage emerges crinkled and misrepresented . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and place flora properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always piddle from below , keep water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go slowly on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides according to recording label direction before job becomes stern and follow directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and get rid of all farewell , flowers , or debris in the pin and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spot and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a weewee soaked or yellow - edged show . Insects , rainwater , dingy garden tool , or even people can help its gap .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave when the flora is ironic . Leaves that pick up around the basis of the plant should be rake up and dispose of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; body of water should be directed at territory level . For fungous leaf spots , utilise a recommended fungicide according to recording label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide-eyed miscellany of plants - indoor and outdoor . unseasoned surmount crawl until they find a respectable feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and stay on on a smear protected by its surd shell level . They come along as bumps , often on the lower side of leaves . They have pierce mouth component part that sop up the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant life leading to yellow foliage and folio drib . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting mordant airfoil fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are gruelling to control . Isolate overrun plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension berth in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the Earth’s surface of leaves . It feed in on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / sear the leaf and stems of the plant . The best way to control jet-black mold is to command the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp material or washed away with a hose - oddment nebulizer .
