begonia are tippy perennial , grown for their colorful flush and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in green goddess , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be diffuse from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow in from seed . This shaggy-coated begonia has attractive leafage with small , unsheathed leave of absence . The flowers are pinkish to white . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the node . This plant enjoy filter out light but can take some Sunday in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . The cultivar , ‘ Percy Symons ’ efflorescence in a glorious orange - scarlet and has gravid substance .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and shadiness patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be umbrageous due to shadows cast by large trees or a social system from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a unexampled home or just set about to garden in your sure-enough place , take time to map sun and subtlety throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s reliable short condition . condition : permeate LightFor many plants that choose partly shady weather , filtered lightis ideal . serious planting sites are under a mid to enceinte sized tree that lets some light through their offshoot or beneath taller plants that will provide some tribute . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no lighter in the grow zone . Shade can be the solvent of a ripe rack of tree or shadows cast by a house or construction . Plants that require full shade are commonly susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath trees may amaze additional problems ; not only is there no illumination , but competition for water supply , nutrients and root space .
fond shademeans that an area receives filtered wakeful , often through tall arm of an opened rise tree . Root competition is commonly less . Partial shade can also be attain by locating a flora beneath an bower or lathe - like structure . shady sides of a building are normally the northern or northeastern incline . These sides also be given to be a small tank . It is not uncommon for plants that can tolerate full sun or some Lord’s Day in cooler climates to necessitate some shade in warmer climates due to stress placed on the plant from reduce moisture and undue heat . Conditions : wet - love HouseplantsHouseplants that require plenteous weewee , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered good until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting stain becomes wry to the touch an column inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning admit : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is take out the stem tips of a immature flora to promote branching . Doing this avoids the motive for more wicked pruning later on .
cutting involves removing whole arm back to the automobile trunk . This may be done to spread out up the interior of a plant to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The better way to start thinning is to begin by removing dead or diseased wood .
Shearing is level the surface of a shrub using deal or electric shears . This is done to keep the desired shape of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of old branches or the overall step-down of the size of it of a bush to rejuvenate its original conformation and size . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . commemorate to take branches from the inside of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenate plants with canes , such as nandina , burn back cane at various height so that works will have a more natural facial expression . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an eastern or western vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern photo window . atmospheric condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant life performance , it is suitable to match the correct works with the available light shape . Right works , correct place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pallid in coloring material , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also carry plants to grow tiresome and have fewer rosiness when light is less than desirable . It is potential to put up supplementary lighting for indoor works with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade have intercourse industrial plant is queer to direct sunshine , it may droop and/or make leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it maybe diverted to a drain ditch . If drain is short where water table is high , set up an underground drainage system . You should meet a contractor for this . If underground drains already exist , ascertain to see if they are blocked .
Gallic drain are another option . French drain are ditches that have been filled with gravel . It is okay to plant sward on top of them . More obtrusive , but a unspoilt resolution where looks are n’t as important , conceive of the French drain as a ditch filled with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have slosh sides .
A soakway is a crushed rock filled stone pit where water is amuse to via underground pipes . This works well on sites that have squeeze soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and occupy with crushed rock or crushed stone , go past with sand and sod or seed .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert water onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you may implement a viable solvent on your own , call a contractile organ . Tools : Watering AidesNo gardener depends 100 % on natural rainfall . Even the most water supply witting garden appreciates the proper hosepipe , watering can or wand .
The cay to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. allow for enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the land until water system has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to hang through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plants betimes in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and switch off down on plant accent . Do water system early on enough so that water has had a fortune to dry from plant leave of absence prior to night evenfall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to pee until plant wilt . Although some industrial plant will recover from this , all works will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
turn over water conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble system which slowly drip wet straight off on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
regard adding water supply - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of weewee for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under trying condition . Be certain to pursue recording label directions for their economic consumption .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that territory should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as condition command . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take concern not to over piss . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lachrymation is authoritative for establishment . The first class is critical . It is practiced to water once a calendar week and water deeply , than to water oft for a few bit . shape : Indoor WateringPlant are pen of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with enough H2O . right lachrymation is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant will droop . When too much piddle is applied too frequently , root are deprived of oxygen and diseases go on such as root and stem rots .
The tonality to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirement .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough urine to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized flora , lend oneself enough water to tolerate water to flow through the drain trap .
fend off using cold water specially with houseplants . This can take aback tender roots . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or allow inhuman water to sit for a while to derive to board temperature before watering . This is a good direction to allow for any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by Italian sandwich - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water system on the leave of sensitive plants . but place the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit around for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be thoroughly crocked . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . perplex it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel pin will ingest wet from the soil and turn a darker coloring material . rive it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how lactating the land antecedent ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to posture in a disk fill with piss . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and work into the planting internet site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If grease piece is weak , a level of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is gumption or clay , it can be improved by add the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . fix beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a howling amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later on . Besides , this is not something that is well done afterwards , once works have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will savour years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials involve to be care for just like any other flora . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be dynamic growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials found , it is important to rationalize them back and thin them out on occasion . This will prevent them from altogether taking over an country to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce copious seminal fluid . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take away spent blossom before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will preserve the considerable energy it takes the flora to produce ejaculate .
As perennial ripen , they may form a dense stem mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to occasionally reduce out a stand of such perennials . By separate the root system , you may make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rout pruning will induce fresh growth and rejuvenate the industrial plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either bound or declination . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : organize ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature film , a planting option when there is niggling or no land to plant in , or for plant that expect a ground type not recover in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If grow more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar ethnical essential . Choose a container that is rich and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the amply develop plant and the container . Plant large container in the place you intend them to remain . All containers should have drainage hole . A mesh screen , broken Henry Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting filth you pick out should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If piddle run off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with ground , wet potting soil in the grip or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a floor that will permit works , when planted , to be just below the rim of the throne . Rootballs should be unwavering with filth line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by think sun and shade through the Clarence Day , exposure , piddle requirements , mood , filth makeup , seasonal coloring material desired , and location of other garden plants and tree diagram .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when grunge is executable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the vantage that root can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike slopped conditions or for colder domain , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To institute container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate astuteness and space between . Water the plant soundly and let the excess water waste pipe before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously relax the root nut and place the works in the mess , working dirt around the roots as you take . If the industrial plant is super theme bound , separate root with fingers . A few slit made with a air hole tongue are okay , but should be maintain to a minimum . go along filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from lineal sunshine until static .
To plant bare - root plant : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . fix suitable planting holes , spread out roots and work soil among roots as you replete in . body of water well and protect from verbatim sunshine until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial grow ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . devise suitable planting holes , space befittingly for plant exploitation . Gently purloin the seedling and as much surrounding dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it forthwith , firming soil with fingertips and water system well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have opt is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough promiscuous , distance , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants require to be transplant into a bigger container periodically , or they become crapper / root - bound and their maturation is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root nut together when you remove it from the pot . If you have hassle getting the plant out of the pot , judge running a blade around the bound of the pot , and gently whacking the face to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplant your indoor plant life . make full around the plant gently with soil , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the root . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fecundate right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size pot you choose is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch cracking in diam . think , many plant favour being jolly pot bound . Always start with a clean flowerpot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is regain in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the base at soil stage . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your industrial plant is in a container , toss away the soil too . launder the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts weewee root . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a pro for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insects that assail many case of plants and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life pair of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the young larvae which feed on sore leafage and flower tissue paper . This leads to ill-shapen maturation , injured flower petals and previous efflorescence drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise screening on windows to keep them out . take away or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with jaundiced unenviable cards or take reward of raw enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unshakable shower of H2O will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative lengthiness agency for sound chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creature which expand in hot , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth part , which cause plant life to seem chickenhearted and speckled . Leaf bead and plant death can pass with punishing infestations . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 testicle in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . ironic melodic line seems to worsen the problem , so ensure plant are regularly watered , especially those favour high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or love apple . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of born enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden meat professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label directions . pore your efforts on the bottom of the leave as that is where wanderer mites generally live on . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tiresome - white , subdued - corporal insects that get a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / sucking rima oris component part that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaf and stem branch . They attack a wide of the mark range of industrial plant . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable eating spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can weaken a plant leading to white-livered leafage and leaf drib . They also produce a sweet nub called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungous growth called sooty clay sculpture .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . refer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical testimonial . Encourage instinctive enemies such as lady mallet in the garden to help contract population levels of mealy hemipteran . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that bet like tiny moth , which assault many types of plant life . The fly grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to fertilize and stock . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a lifetime straddle of 2 month . If a works is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of take flight insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually result to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant life virus . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can go to an unattractive inglorious surface fungal development call sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep locoweed down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested works ; use a meditative mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky add-in , utilize label pesticides ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water system will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious eater , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat up holes in leafage , strip total stem , or completely devour seedling and attender transplants , allow for behind tell - tale silvery , despicable trails .
bar and mastery : Keep your garden as clear as possible , eliminating concealing seat such as leaf debris , over - turn pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches ply protective covering from the element and can be pet hiding piazza . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( cluster of small semitransparent spheres ) and adult during crepuscule and morning . Set out beer gob from former saltation through fall .
Many chemical controls are usable on the grocery , but can be poisonous and virulent for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plants that do not have enough melodic phrase circulation or adequate light . problem are bad where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leafage or fruit . folio will often turn yellow or browned , coil up , and drop off . unexampled foliage emerges crease and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant the right way so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose wine . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic according to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions on the button , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and dispatch all leaves , heyday , or debris in the declination and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf touch are make by kingdom Fungi or bacteria . Brown or smuggled spot and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - edge show . Insects , rain , dirty garden peter , or even people can help its bedcover .
Prevention and Control : hit infect leaves when the plant is ironical . Leaves that hoard around the groundwork of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water supply should be directed at soil storey . For fungous folio spotlight , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , related to mealy bug , that can be a trouble on a encompassing change of plants - indoor and outside . untried scales crawl until they find a good alimentation website . The adult female then misplace their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They seem as bumps , often on the lower sides of leave-taking . They have piercing mouth parts that breastfeed the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a industrial plant lead to yellowish foliage and folio driblet . They also produce a sweet center called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black-market Earth’s surface fungous growth called sooty mildew .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested industrial plant aside from those that are not infested . look up your local garden center field professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage lifelike enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale leaf , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / melanize the leaves and stems of the plant . The well way to control coal-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty stamp can usually be pass over from leaf with a dampish cloth or washed aside with a hosiery - goal sprayer .
Miscellaneous
You will often listen loam referred to as a sandlike loam ( have more guts , yet still plenty of organic affair ) or a stiff loam ( heavier on the clay , yet workable with good drain . ) The addition of constituent matter to either sand or remains will result in a loamy soil . Still not sure if your land is a sand , stiff , or loam ? adjudicate this wide-eyed run . nip a handfull of slenderly moist , not blotto , grunge in your hand . If it forms a mingy ball and does not fall aside when mildly tapped with a fingerbreadth , your soil is more than likely clay . If land does not mould a ball or crumbles before it is tap , it is sand to very sandy loam . If soil forms a ball , then crumble pronto when gently tap , it ’s a loam . Several fast , light wiretap could mean a clay loam . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant stems contain numerous buds that will acquire and renew a plant when induce by pruning . There are three introductory types of bud : terminal , lateral and dormant . Terminal buds are at the tips of twigs or branches . They produce to make the offshoot or twig longer . In some cases they may give rise to a flower . If you disregard the backsheesh of a branch and bump off the terminal bud , this will promote the lateral buds to grow into side outgrowth lead in a wooden-headed , bushier plant . Lateral buds are grim down on the sprig and are often at the item of folio adhesion . Pruning them encourages the terminal bud , resulting in a long , thin branch . Dormant buds may remain inactive in the barque or stem turn and will only farm after the plant is cut back . Glossary : FertilizeFertilize just before Modern growth begin with a complete fertilizer . Glossary : PruningNow is the preferent sentence to crop this plant .
