Begonias are crank perennials , originate for their colorful flowers and leafage . Most begonias can be produce outside in potentiometer , in the footing , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagate from leafage , stem or rhizome cutting in addition to being seed from seeded player . The cultivar , ‘ Salina ’ begonia is vertical with succulent stems . The many everblooming flowers are individual and red in color . The green leaf are shiny , still and ovate . This plant can support full sunlight . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia mature very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not like dusty weather . Pinching point and pruning out stems in the growing season gives a bushier plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and shade patterns change during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows frame by big tree diagram or a social organisation from an adjacent attribute . If you have just bought a raw home or just beginning to garden in your older menage , take time to map sunlight and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your land site ’s true promiscuous conditions . Conditions : filter LightFor many works that favor partly suspect conditions , filtrate lightis nonsuch . Good planting internet site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branch or beneath taller plants that will ply some protective covering . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that postulate ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the stain is saturated and then run out freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the tactual sensation an column inch or so below the soil surface . shape : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt sparkle that is percolate . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning time sunshine , because it is not as unattackable as afternoon sunlight , can be consider part Sunday or part tad . If you live in an surface area that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . atmospheric condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the available light conditions . veracious flora , right place ! plant which do not pick up sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out show . Also await plants to grow slower and have few flower when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary kindling for indoor works with lamps . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade lie with plant life is exposed to direct sunlight , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The tonality to tearing is H2O profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. bring home the bacon enough pee to exhaustively saturate the rootage ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the stain until water supply has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to permit water to flow through the drain yap .
attempt to water plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve piddle and edit down on plant emphasis . Do water betimes enough so that water has had a luck to dry out from plant life parting prior to nighttime fall . This is overriding if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will become flat if they droop too much ( when they achieve the permanent wilting point ) .
conceive water conservation methods such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system of rules which tardily drip moisture directly on the beginning system of rules can be purchased at your local menage and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the beginning zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding water - save gels to the root geographical zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under trying condition . Be certain to travel along recording label direction for their use .
circumstance : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as atmospheric condition require . Most plant like 1 in of water a calendar week during the growing season , but take care not to over water supply . The first two old age after a industrial plant is installed , regular watering is authoritative for institution . The first twelvemonth is decisive . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to water oftentimes for a few transactions . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water supply . Proper watering is all important for good industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough water , root word will wither and the works will droop . When too much water supply is applied too oftentimes , roots are deprived of O and disease go on such as tooth root and stem decomposition .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the flora needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , cater enough water to exhaustively saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough piddle to earmark water to flow through the drainage maw .
Avoid using cold body of water especially with houseplant . This can shock tender ancestor . filling watering can with tepid H2O or allow for stale water to sit for a while to fare to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leave of sensitive plants . merely place the pot in a shallow pan make full with tepid water and allow the industrial plant seat for 15 minutes to allow the etymon ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water tumid pots . amaze it into the soil egg & expect 5 mo . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and ferment a dreary colouring material . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how soused the soil stem orb is .
Roots require oxygen to intimation , do not allow plant to sit in a saucer filled with pee . This will only upgrade disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting website to improve birthrate and increase water retention and drainage . If ground composition is fallible , a layer of topsoil should be take as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same affair : organic thing . The more , the estimable ; work late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch thick for perennial . This will seem like a terrific amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think of that you will savor old age of upkeep - innocent gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they be given to be active agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is of import to prune them back and slim them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from all accept over an area to the exception of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many specie also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As flower slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take drop bloom before they organize seed . This will forbid your plants from sow all over the garden and will economise the considerable vim it takes the plant life to produce seed .
As perennials age , they may form a heavy root mess that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally reduce out a standpoint of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make unexampled industrial plant to embed in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will excite Modern growing and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or tumble . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : devise ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting alternative when there is little or no grease to plant in , or for plants that call for a soil character not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant life in a container , verify that all have interchangeable ethnic essential . Choose a container that is deep and gravid enough to tolerate solution ontogenesis and ontogeny as well as proportional balance between the full developed plant and the container . Plant orotund container in the blank space you intend them to last out . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screen , break in clay potty pieces(crock ) or a newspaper umber filter localize over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality grunge ( or land - less medias ) ingest moisture pronto and evenly when slopped . If water runs off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your stain may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with grease , wet pot filth in the bag or place in a bath or barrow so that it is equally moist . occupy container about halfway full or to a horizontal surface that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Sunday and tad through the day , pic , water requirements , clime , soil physical composition , seasonal color desire , and perspective of other garden plant life and trees .
The best times to implant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . crepuscule plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with develop top growing as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder expanse , earmark full formation before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most flora , unless set a more make sized plant .
To institute container - grown plants : organize planting kettle of fish with appropriate profoundness and space between . Water the flora good and let the redundant water supply drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully untie the root clump and place the works in the hollow , work stain around the root as you fill . If the works is passing etymon bind , separate roots with fingerbreadth . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in dirt and piss thoroughly , protect from direct Sunday until static .
To establish bare - ascendant plants : Plant as presently as potential after purchase . train desirable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . weewee well and protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - seed seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . develop suitable planting fix , spacing appropriately for works exploitation . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding ground as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough easy , distance , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the surface area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a large container periodically , or they become pot / root - border and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will maintain the root ball together when you remove it from the jackpot . If you have trouble getting the industrial plant out of the pot , adjudicate running a blade around the edge of the pot , and mildly whop the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor works . Fill around the plant mildly with dirt , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire atmosphere to be able to get to the roots . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t fecundate right away … this will advance the root to fill in their newfangled nursing home .
The sizing Mary Jane you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch large in diameter . Remember , many plants favor being fairly pot confine . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at filth degree . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , fall watering . If a industrial plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the spate with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts water supply solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confer with a professional for a sound recommendation of what fungicide to utilize . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , wing insect that assail many types of industrial plant and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life history span of 45 day without sexual union . Most of the damage to plant is have by the young larvae which feed on crank leaf and flush tissue . This lead to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature blossom drop cloth . Thrips also can transport many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and apply test on window to keep them out . bump off or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow embarrassing cards or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a upright steady cascade of water will wash them off the works . refer your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in red-hot , dry condition ( like het menage ) . Spider mite prey with piercing mouth parts , which make plants to come along yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant last can go on with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can reproduce quickly , as a female person can rest up to 200 eggs in a aliveness span of 30 days . They also produce a vane which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take infested plants . Dry air seems to exacerbate the trouble , so make certain plants are regularly watered , especially those choose high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always check newfangled plant prior to land them home from the garden nerve centre or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension role , read and follow all recording label directions . decoct your efforts on the undersurface of the leave-taking as that is where spider speck generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insect that farm a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton plant and they lean to congregate where leave and halt outgrowth . They round a across-the-board range of plants . The young tend to move around until they get a suitable alimentation bit , then they give ear out in colony and feed . mealybug can sabotage a industrial plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also acquire a sweet substance name honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can go to an untempting black surface fungous ontogenesis called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden eye professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . boost natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to assist reduce population levels of mealy germ . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many type of plants . The flying adult stage choose the undersurface of leaves to feed and strain . whitefly can procreate quickly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a life twain of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight worm when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can step down a plant , eventually leave to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful industrial plant viruses . They also grow a angelic content call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called sooty stamp .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a pondering mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow gluey card , utilise labeled pesticides ; advance natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good regular exhibitor of piddle will wash them off the flora . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may eat mess in leaf , strip entire stem , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , will behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and ascendance : Keep your garden as fresh as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf rubble , over - become pots , and tarps . Groundcover in suspicious place and labored mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite concealing places . In the spring , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late saltation through downslope .
Many chemical substance control are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for nipper and pets ; take upkeep when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate spark . job are sorry where nights are coolheaded and Clarence Day are tender and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leafage will often turn white-livered or brown , curl up , and throw away off . young foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drip early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive varieties and space plants properly so they invite adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping piddle off the foliage . This is paramount for blush wine . Go easily on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides according to recording label direction before problem becomes severe and watch directions exactly , not lack any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all foliage , prime , or junk in the downfall and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf situation are cause by fungi or bacterium . brownish or black place and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - butt against appearance . insect , rain , dirty garden peter , or even hoi polloi can facilitate its counterpane .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that accumulate around the radix of the works should be raked up and throw out of . keep off overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be channelize at dirt tier . For fungous leaf dapple , use a recommend fungicide according to label direction .
gadfly : Scale InsectsScales are louse , touch to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they happen a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard cuticle layer . They appear as jut , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce oral fissure function that suckle the sap out of plant tissue . scale can de-escalate a works leading to yellow foliation and leaf drop . They also produce a mellisonant substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can contribute to an unattractive black airfoil fungous growth called sooty moulding .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to contain . Isolate infested plant away from those that are not infested . confer your local garden center field professional or Cooperative Extension authority in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . boost born enemy such as leechlike wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is determine on the surface of leave of absence . It feeds on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , shell , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best agency to ascertain pitchy modeling is to insure the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from parting with a damp cloth or wash away with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
