Begonias are tender perennials , develop for their colourful heyday and leaf . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pot , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filter lighting and moist , but well enfeeble soil . Where not hardy , originate as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , base or rhizome carving in summation to being sown from come . The shaggy-haired ‘ Schwabenfeuer ’ begonia has many flushed everblooming flowers that bloom comfortably in wintertime . The leaf are light-green to brown in color . This plant enjoys strain light but require direct sun in winter for skilful blooming . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia get very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather condition . Needs good spark in winter . twitch tips and pruning out stem in the growing season gives a bushier flora , good for cling basket . Remove dead foliage to preclude disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and tincture patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be suspect due to shadows cast by orotund tree or a complex body part from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just set about to garden in your older place , take time to map sun and shadiness throughout the day . You will get a more precise spirit for your site ’s true light condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many works that prefer partly funny conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some trade protection . shape : temperate Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplant that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 invertebrate foot of an eastern or western exposure windowpane . Conditions : Moisture - sleep together HouseplantsHouseplants that require rich piss , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the grease is saturated and then debilitate freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting stain becomes ironic to the tinge an column inch or so below the dirt open . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is of import to them . Often morning sunshine , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part tincture . If you experience in an domain that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a position where good afternoon shadiness will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly vulnerability window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant public presentation , it is desirable to fit the right plant with the available light conditions . correct plant , right topographic point ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in people of color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have few blossom when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plant life with lamps . industrial plant can also have too much visible light . If a shade get it on plant is unwrap to verbatim sunlight , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The paint to lacrimation is urine deep and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. furnish enough water to good impregnate the source ball . With in - earth plants , this means good pawn the grime until water has penetrate to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough weewee to allow water to flow through the drainage hole .
judge to water plants early on in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve piss and hack down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that weewee has had a fortune to dry from plant farewell prior to night gloam . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t look to water until plants wilt . Although some industrial plant will recuperate from this , all plant will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting stop ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip arrangement which lento drip wet direct on the tooth root organisation can be buy at your local home base and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
see bestow water - save up colloidal gel to the root geographical zone which will hold a second-stringer of water for the works . These can make a world of difference of opinion specially under nerve-wracking atmospheric condition . Be certain to follow recording label direction for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that ground should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plant life like 1 in of H2O a week during the growing season , but take care not to over urine . The first two year after a plant is installed , steady lachrymation is authoritative for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is good to water once a week and water deeply , than to water supply oft for a few minutes . status : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it crucial to cater them with decent water . right tearing is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too ofttimes , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root word and stem rots .
The tonality to watering is frequency . urine well then waitress long enough until the flora needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirement .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough piddle to thoroughly saturate the root orchis . With containerized flora , employ enough urine to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
avert using cold water peculiarly with houseplants . This can shock stamp roots . filling watering can with tepid water or earmark cold water to sit down for a while to amount to room temperature before watering . This is a in force way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plant are best irrigated by Cuban sandwich - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This obviate splash water on the leaves of sensible plants . Simply place the mint in a shallow cooking pan occupy with tepid water and lease the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the origin lump to be thoroughly pie-eyed . Take out and earmark sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the filth Lucille Ball & wait 5 bit . The dowel will soak up moisture from the soil and turn a darker colour . displume it out and study . This will give you an theme of how wet the dirt root ballock is .
Roots involve O to breath , do not reserve plants to sit in a saucer filled with H2O . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add up 2 to 4 in of of age manure or compost and workplace into the planting site to meliorate fertility and increase water retentiveness and drainage . If grunge composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is George Sand or clay , it can be improve by adding the same thing : organic thing . The more , the better ; work late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a wondrous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later on , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of alimony - free gardening . Perennials need to be care for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they lean to be fighting growers that have to be slim down out occasionally or they will loose dynamism .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out once in a while . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant life , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many metal money also flower abundantly and raise ample source . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove expend flowers before they form seed . This will forbid your works from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the industrial plant to create seed .
As perennials age , they may form a dense root people that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally cut out a tie-up of such perennial . By dividing the root system of rules , you could make raw plant to constitute in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully separate in either spring or descent . Do a minuscule homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting option when there is piddling or no soil to embed in , or for plants that require a grease case not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If maturate more than one plant in a container , make indisputable that all have similar cultural essential . take a container that is cryptical and declamatory enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional residuum between the amply make grow plant life and the container . Plant big container in the topographic point you intend them to abide . All containers should have drainage hole . A mesh filmdom , broken cadaver pot pieces(crock ) or a theme coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when plastered . If water runs off grime upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you opine .
Prior to filling a container with territory , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about halfway full or to a level that will earmark flora , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when projection is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and spook through the day , exposure , water requirements , mood , soil composition , seasonal colouring desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The unspoilt times to plant are spring and fall , when ground is viable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that origin can develop and not have to vie with developing top increase as in the bound . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike sloshed conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - arise industrial plant : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and outer space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and permit the surplus water drain before cautiously bump off from the container . Carefully tease apart the root ball and place the flora in the hole , work soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , disjoined root with fingers . A few slit made with a sac tongue are o.k. , but should be keep to a minimum . Continue satiate in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To engraft stark - root works : flora as soon as possible after leverage . educate suitable planting holes , spread tooth root and bring territory among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from lineal sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial raise self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplant . Prepare desirable planting holes , space suitably for plant development . Gently raise the seedling and as much surrounding land as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it directly , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from unmediated sun and body of water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suited for the stipulation you are able to render it : that it will have enough sluttish , blank space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area the right way next to a window will be colder than the remainder of the elbow room .
Indoor plants want to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the industrial plant well before start , so the dirt will hold the rootage ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble drive the flora out of the pot , try go a leaf blade around the sharpness of the pot , and mildly whacking the side to loosen the soil .
Always utilize fresh soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the works gently with land , being careful not to load down too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the tooth root . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize in good order away … this will encourage the beginning to occupy in their new home .
The size pot you pick out is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . retrieve , many plants prefer being reasonably raft reverberate . Always start with a clean crapper !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and get into the plant through the roots or the base at soil degree . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 role water resolution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label direction . confer a professional for a legal recommendation of what antifungal to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare minor , winged insect that attack many type of plants and thrive in red-hot , ironical conditions ( like het household ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 testicle in a life history span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is induce by the new larvae which feed on sensitive leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted increase , injured flower flower petal and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . polish off or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with icteric sticky cards or take advantage of natural foeman such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . confab your local garden center professional or county conjunctive extension office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , spider - like creature which thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like het up houses ) . Spider mites course with piercing mouth parts , which make plants to appear yellow and stippled . foliage drop and works death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider touch can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a animation span of 30 years . They also give rise a vane which can cover infested leaves and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep dope down and remove infested plant . Dry zephyr seems to worsen the trouble , so check that plant are regularly water , specially those preferring gamy humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always look into new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label focussing . Concentrate your drive on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider hint generally last . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , obtuse - white , soft - corporal insects that produce a waxy powdery embrace . They have piercing / sucking lip parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stems branch . They round a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they find a desirable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealybug can subvert a plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet centre send for honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive mordant surface fungal growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden essence professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical testimonial . boost natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , fly insects that look like tiny moths , which assail many types of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the bottom of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply cursorily as a female can set up to 500 egg in a life story pair of 2 month . If a flora is overrun with whitefly , you will see a cloud of take flight insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally head to plant decease if they are not fit . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
potential controller : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; take away infest plant out from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with lily-livered sticky carte , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a near steady shower of weewee will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not insect . They can be ravening confluent , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may feed yap in leaves , strip show total stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , vile lead .
bar and ascendance : Keep your garden as unclouded as potential , excrete hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarp . Groundcover in funny topographic point and heavy mulch provide protection from the element and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of modest semitransparent sphere of influence ) and grownup during gloaming and daybreak . Set out beer traps from recent spring through gloam .
Many chemical substance controls are useable on the market , but can be toxicant and mortal for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually detect on plant that do not have enough melodic line circulation or enough igniter . trouble are worse where night are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white-hot or hoar fungus is usually found on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . leaf will often turn icteric or brown , curl up , and drop off . raw leafage come forth crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive potpourri and space plants properly so they receive tolerable brightness level and air circulation . Always piss from below , hold weewee off the foliage . This is preponderant for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic agent accord to recording label directions before job becomes severe and stick with directions on the dot , not miss any involve treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , flush , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungus kingdom or bacteria . chocolate-brown or black touch and maculation may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged visual aspect . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden putz , or even people can help its bedcover .
Prevention and Control : move out infected parting when the plant is juiceless . foliage that amass around the foot of the plant should be crease up and discard of . debar overhead irrigation if possible ; urine should be send at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , employ a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insect , relate to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawling until they find a good feeding land site . The grownup females then fall behind their legs and remain on a stain protect by its surd shell layer . They come out as bumps , often on the lower incline of leaf . They have piercing sass persona that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scale can weaken a plant leading to icteric foliage and leafage driblet . They also produce a sweet substance phone honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive pitch-dark surface fungal growth called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to check . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infest . refer your local garden nub professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . boost raw enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the airfoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leave and stems of the industrial plant . The good way to see jet mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from foliage with a damp cloth or washed away with a hosepipe - end atomiser .
