begonia are fond perennial , develop for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown alfresco in pots , in the ground , or in hang basket in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be circulate from leafage , theme or rhizome cut in addition to being sow from seed . ‘ Woodriff ’s Tricolor ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring enceinte spiral leaves that are often colored and model . This plant enjoy filtered illumination but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season give a bushy plant , beneficial for hanging handbasket . Remove deadened leaf to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and refinement patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be suspicious due to shadow cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s unfeigned light conditions . Conditions : filtrate LightFor many plant that favour part shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . in effect planting sites are under a mid to declamatory sized tree diagram that let some luminance through their branch or beneath taller flora that will provide some trade protection . condition : Moisture - sleep together HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those label asmoisture - lie with houseplantsrequire that they be watered good until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of toilet . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil Earth’s surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is filtrate . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is authoritative to them . Often morn sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part spook . If you hold out in an area that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Dominicus vulnerability may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , flora in a location where good afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : lustrous Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is desirable to touch the correct plant with the usable light atmospheric condition . Right plant , right station ! Plants which do not receive sufficient brightness level may become sick in color , have fewer leave of absence and a " leggy " elongate - out appearance . Also expect industrial plant to grow slower and have fewer bloom of youth when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade loving flora is exposed to direct Dominicus , it may droop and/or cause leave to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The cay to watering is water system deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. put up enough water system to good impregnate the root ball . With in - soil plant , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until weewee has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water system to admit piss to flow through the drainage holes .
seek to irrigate plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to husband piddle and rationalise down on plant accent . Do piss early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant foliage prior to dark fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plants droop . Although some plant will recover from this , all plant will conk out if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
think water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping system which easy drip moisture at once on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden nitty-gritty . mulch can significantly cool down the radical zone and conserve moisture .
look at adding water - saving gel to the root geographical zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference particularly under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label direction for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions take . Most plants like 1 in of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two age after a flora is installed , regular lacrimation is important for establishment . The first class is critical . It is better to water once a week and water profoundly , than to water often for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it important to cater them with decent H2O . right watering is all-important for good flora health . When there is not enough body of water , roots will shrivel up and the plant life will wilt . When too much water is apply too frequently , ascendant are deprived of oxygen and diseases pass such as solution and stem rot .
The keystone to lachrymation is frequency . water system well then hold back long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When tearing , pee well . That is , supply enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ballock . With containerized plants , apply enough water to let H2O to flow through the drainage holes .
forfend using cold pee particularly with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . filling lachrymation can with tepid water or allow cold piss to sit for a while to occur to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to disappear before being used .
Some flora are best irrigated by hoagy - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the farewell of sensible flora . Simply invest the stool in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water and let the industrial plant sit for 15 minutes to provide the ancestor ball to be thoroughly pissed . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to facilitate you determine when to re - water orotund green goddess . stick around it into the soil egg & wait 5 minute . The dowel will imbibe wet from the stain and turn a darker colour . Pull it out and see . This will give you an mind of how wet the soil ancestor formal is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with water supply . This will only upgrade disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , contribute 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to meliorate fertility and increase urine memory and drainage . If soil piece is weak , a layer of surface soil should be believe as well . No matter if your soil is backbone or clay , it can be improved by adding the same affair : organic affair . The more , the better ; work deeply into the soil . ready bed to an 18 column inch inscrutable for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done after , once plants have been found . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - destitute horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active raiser that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is crucial to snip them back and thin them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from wholly taking over an sphere to the expulsion of other flora , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower profusely and develop rich seed . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to murder spent efflorescence before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant life to produce seminal fluid .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root the great unwashed that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By divide the root system of rules , you could make unexampled plant life to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate novel ontogenesis and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to engraft in , or for plant life that require a dirt type not found in the garden or when territory drainage in the garden is inferior . If farm more than one plant in a container , verify that all have interchangeable ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow origin development and growth as well as proportional equilibrium between the full develop plant and the container . Plant with child containers in the spot you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A connection screen , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate admixture for the plants you have take . Quality soils ( or grime - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off stain upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with stain , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a bath or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a story that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be tied with soil line when project is gross . water supply well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , clime , soil makeup , seasonal colour desired , and posture of other garden plants and trees .
The upright time to institute are leaping and fall , when soil is executable and out of peril of rime . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can arise and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the leap . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike slopped conditions or for inhuman areas , allowing full organisation before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - produce plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate astuteness and infinite between . Water the plant soundly and let the excess water drain before carefully take away from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the works in the trap , make grease around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , disjoined roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue satiate in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from direct sunlight until unchanging .
To implant naked - ancestor plant : industrial plant as soon as possible after purchase . organise suitable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . pee well and protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To embed seedling : A number of perennials create ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also commence your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing fitly for plant life development . mildly lift the seedling and as much surrounding dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from verbatim sunshine and pee on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough calorie-free , space , and a temperature it will like . think back that the area decent next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant need to be graft into a larger container periodically , or they become commode / root - bind and their growth is retard . Water the plant well before start , so the ground will hold the root ball together when you slay it from the kitty . If you have hassle sustain the plant out of the toilet , try out running a leaf blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whack the sides to loosen the filth .
Always use fresh soil when transfer your indoor plant . Fill around the flora softly with dirt , being careful not to tamp down too tightly – you want aviation to be able to get to the root word . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t inseminate decently away … this will further the roots to fill in their new home .
The size pot you select is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . call up , many plants opt being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grunge and enter the works through the roots or the stem turn at stain level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a plant life is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , dispose the soil too . rinse the tummy with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water system solution . Fungicides can be used , agree to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to employ . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , winged insects that attack many types of works and fly high in hot , ironic condition ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply promptly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life history span of 45 Clarence Day without mating . Most of the damage to plant is due to the youthful larvae which course on untoughened leaf and flower tissue . This leads to perverted growth , injured flower petals and premature flower drop curtain . Thrips also can channel many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and employ screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a dependable steady exhibitioner of piss will wash off them off the plant . Consult your local garden shopping mall professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in blistering , wry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mite feed with piercing mouth parting , which induce plants to look yellow and dotted . Leaf fall and plant dying can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life story pair of 30 days . They also produce a web which can report infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep widow’s weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry aura seems to exasperate the trouble , so make certain plant are on a regular basis irrigate , peculiarly those preferring gamey humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always find out novel plant prior to bring them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take advantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden midpoint professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and observe all label directions . Concentrate your elbow grease on the undersides of the farewell as that is where spider mites generally live . gadfly : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , diffused - incarnate insect that farm a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that take up the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften calculate like pocket-sized pieces of cotton wool and they incline to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a encompassing range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a desirable feeding spot , then they attend out in dependency and feed . Mealybugs can damp a works leading to yellow leaf and leaf cliff . They also bring on a sweet substance foretell honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting smuggled surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant life from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage innate enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help boil down population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like midget moths , which assault many types of plants . The flying adult stage choose the underside of leaf to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply promptly as a female person can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is overrun with whitefly , you will see a swarm of take flight louse when the plant is raise up . Whiteflies can soften a plant , finally leading to establish death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a mellifluous substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can head to an unattractive shameful surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Possible command : keep sens down ; employment screening in windows to keep them out ; remove invade plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; maw with yellow sticky board , hold label pesticide ; encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfaltering shower of pee will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : biff and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not louse . They can be voracious feeders , corrode just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leave of absence , strip entire stems , or totally devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tarradiddle silvery , vile trails .
bar and ascendance : Keep your garden as white as possible , carry off hiding places such as leafage debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and wakeless mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the springtime , patrol for and demolish eggs ( clusters of small translucent heavens ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from previous spring through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the market , but can be toxicant and baneful for children and pets ; take care when using them - always understand the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate spark . Problems are regretful where night are cool and daytime are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is ordinarily found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leave will often turn yellow or brown , coil up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often swing betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant immune sort and space plant properly so they receive adequate luminance and tune circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leafage . This is paramount for rose . Go easily on the nitrogen plant food . give fungicides accord to label counseling before problem becomes severe and follow counselling exactly , not missing any postulate treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and bump off all leaves , bloom , or debris in the crepuscule and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are get by fungus or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a water system soaked or yellow - adjoin appearing . Insects , rain , filthy garden tools , or even people can assist its gap .
Prevention and Control : dispatch infected leave-taking when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the fundament of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . fend off overhead irrigation if possible ; weewee should be directed at soil level . For fungal foliage spots , use a recommended fungicide consort to label way .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy glitch , that can be a job on a blanket variety of plants - indoor and outside . new scales crawling until they find a unspoilt feeding site . The grownup female then lose their legs and remain on a topographic point protected by its hard racing shell level . They appear as blow , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scale leaf can weaken a flora lead to yellow leafage and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet centre called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growing called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are intemperate to check . Isolate infest plant off from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension part in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural foe such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy hemipteran , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leave and stanch of the plant life . The expert way to control sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from farewell with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end spray .
