By 2020 , pest insect and spider mites in nine Dutch nursery crops will have been controlled organically in 95 percent of the field under polish , for example , through the function of ichneumon WASP or predatory mites . In 2016 , this was 92 percent , while in 2012 , it was 78 per centum . The Compendium for the Living Environment ( CLO ) has listed the CBS figures for the period 2012 - 2020 .

For each of the craw study , biological control was give to at least 75 per centum of the domesticate area in 2020 . By type of pesticide , the percentages with an practical program are generally humble .

Organic pest ascendance in greenhouse vegetables , top to bottom : strawberries , cuke , peppers , and tomatoes

Total horticulture under glassful , total pesticidesAcross all nine greenhouse horticulture crops , the area with the app of biological control factor increase by 777 hectares to almost 6360 hectare in 2020 . That is almost 95 percent of the area . In 2016 , it was 92 pct , while in 2012 , it was 78 percentage .

For vegetable crop , the covering of biologic ascendency agents in the polish of cucumber , peppers , and tomatoes is 100 percent . Organic pesticide are also used almost everywhere in strawberry under glass , at almost 98 percentage . to begin with , this was less than 70 percentage .

In efflorescence and ornamental horticulture , ( CLO ) also sees 100 percent biological control in a crop like roses . With lotion in chrysanthemums and gerberas also increasing , to over 90 percent , a further addition is only imaginable in potted plants .

Controllers per master groupFour main groups of biologic control agents are distinguished for pest control in nursery horticulture : A predatory mite and thrip ; boron parasitic wasps and gall midge ; C predatory bugs , lacewings , hoverflies , and predatory beetles and five hundred nematodes . lotion vary by group and crop .

Types of biological control federal agent by groupThere is a wide variety of biological control agents on the grocery store that are used against one or more pest . In the graphs accompanying this indicator , three biologic control agents are flesh out as case , the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis , the leechlike wasp Encarsia Taiwan , and the predatory glitch Macrolophus pygmaeus . These ascendancy agent are used in the nursery finish of various crop . Also , these mintage are stable factors in the variety of pest controls to which new species are regularly tot up and old species disappear . The publication include 21 metal money .

Phytoseiulus persimilis ( predatory mite against red wanderer mite)By 2020 , the predatory soupcon Phytoseiulus persimilis was an important biological controller agent of red spider mites in horticulture under deoxyephedrine , with deployment on almost 52 percentage of the area . Compared to 2016 and 2012 , the usage of the species is steady increasing . program is high in peppers and chrysanthemum at over 90 per centum . Also , in cucumber and roses , this pesticide is applied in three - quarters or more of the surface area . In tomatoes and pot plant ( unfolding ) , the pesticide is not very of import , with percentages below 20 .

Predatory mite against red spider mite , from top to bottom : strawberry mark , leafy plant life , chrysanthemums , gerberas , cucumber vine , peppers , dope plants - blooming , roses , tomatoes .

Encarsia formosa ( parasitic wasp against whitefly)In 2020 , the parasitic wasp Encarsia formosa was an important controller of whitefly with a 33 percent deployment charge per unit . Compared to 2016 and 2012 , the use of the species is unchanging . In tomatoes and gerberas , the pace of covering is eminent at around 80 percent . In cucumbers and rosiness , we see an app charge per unit of about 45 per centum , while the lotion in potted plants , black pepper , and hemangioma simplex is limited .

Parasitic wasp Encarsia against whitefly : hemangioma simplex , leafy industrial plant , chrysanthemums , gerberas , cucumber , peppers , pot plant - blooming , roses , tomatoes .

Macrolophus pygmaeus ( assassin bug against whitefly)In 2020 , the assassinator bug Macrolophus pygmaeus was a major champion of whitefly with a deployment of almost 37 per centum . compare to 2016 and 2012 , the use of the species has increased somewhat . In tomatoes , the coating is by far the highest at over 90 percent . In peppers , apply increases to over 45 percentage . In the other crop , the covering of the coinage is circumscribed or non - existent .

Assassin bug macrolophus against whitefly : strawberries , leafy plant , chrysanthemums , gerberas , cucumbers , peppers , pot plants - blooming , rosebush , tomatoes

numeral of treatments per yearIn 2020 , it was no longer known in which part of the year pesticides were apply . However , the number of treatments was query . The oftenness of discourse appear to be up to weekly , take down the CLO .

Source : CLO